Technical Indicators are the tools used by traders and stock market analysts to make well-informed decisions in the financial markets. The mathematical computations used to create these technical indicators are based on previous volume, price, or open interest data. They give traders information about the strength and direction of price changes, which they can use to spot possible trends, reversals, or market conditions.
Since they play a crucial role in analyzing stocks, as a layman we should be familiar with some common technical indicators terminology used in technical analysis of stocks, few of them are as follows:

1. Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)
   The link between two moving averages of an asset’s price is displayed by the trend-following momentum indicator known as the MACD. MACD intersections and divergences are tools used by traders to spot possible trend reversals or strength. It is a well-liked indicator for figuring out a trend’s strength and direction. In order to forecast future price changes based on momentum, it compares two moving averages.
2. Relative Strength Index (RSI)
   To assess whether a market is overbought or oversold, RSI calculates the size of recent price fluctuations. The range of RSI values is 0 to 100; values over 70 indicate overbought situations, while values below 30 indicate oversold conditions. The momentum oscillator, or RSI, determines the direction and rate of price fluctuations. Because it aids in determining whether a stock is overbought or oversold, suggesting possible trend reversals.
3. Bollinger Bands
   The upper and lower bands of a Bollinger band are standard deviations from the middle band, which is an N-period simple moving average. Traders can use these bands to see price breakouts and possible reversal points in addition to volatility.
4. Moving Averages
   Price data is smoothed out by moving averages into a single, flowing line. By showing whether an asset’s price is typically rising or declining over a given period of time, they aid in the identification of trends. Simple moving averages (SMA) and exponential moving averages (EMA) are two common types.
5. Volume Indicators
   Volume-weighted average price (VWAP) and on-balance volume (OBV) are two examples of volume indicators that reveal information about how strong a price movement is. While low volume may indicate a weak trend, high volume frequently indicates that a price trend is real. On-balance Volume (OBV), which shows how many stocks were bought and traded during a specific time period, is a key indicator of patterns and trends.
6. Periodic Highs and Lows
   Periodic highs and lows allow users to examine how many stocks are trading around these levels throughout different time periods. Periodic highs and lows are the high and low values in a given period.
7. Advance/Decline Ratio
   In order to help traders determine if the market is overbought or oversold, the advance/decline ratio divides the number of advancing shares by the number of dropping shares.
8. Stochastic Oscillator
   The closing price of an asset is compared to its price range over a given time period using the stochastic oscillator. By emphasizing overbought and oversold situations, it assists in locating possible reversal opportunities. Conditions are oversold when the reading is below 20, and overbought when it is above 80.
9. Fibonacci Retracements
   Horizontal lines are used in Fibonacci retracements to show regions of support or resistance at significant Fibonacci levels prior to the price moving forward in the initial direction. Fibonacci retracements are used by traders to pinpoint possible levels of reversal.
10. Average True Range (ATR)
    By computing the average range between the high and low prices during a certain time period, ATR gauges market volatility. ATR is a tool used by traders to estimate possible market movement and set stop-loss levels.
11. Ichimoku Cloud
    The Ichimoku Cloud is a thorough indicator that offers details on trend direction, momentum, and levels of support and resistance. Tenkan-sen, Kijun-sen, Senkou Span A, Senkou Span B, and Chikou Span are the five lines of Ichimoku cloud.
12. Williams %R
    A momentum oscillator that gauges overbought or oversold conditions is the Williams %R. It has a range of -100 to 0, with readings over -20 indicating an over buy and readings below -80 indicating an over sale.

With their ability to provide traders and analysts with insights into market conditions and possible price moves, these technical indicators are invaluable tools. In the fast-paced world of financial markets, traders frequently utilize a combination of indications to make better judgments, but it’s crucial to remember that no single signal can ensure success. Technical indicators help traders make well-informed decisions while trading stocks by offering insightful information on price movements, volatility, momentum, and market patterns. The terminology provided above is for the information purpose only, but if you want learn trading and how to invest in stock market then you should consult with your advisor.

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